Earth Day is a day that is intended to inspire awareness and appreciation for the
Earth's
natural environment. The name and concept of Earth Day was allegedly pioneered by
John McConnell in 1969 at a
UNESCO Conference in San Francisco. The first Proclamation of Earth Day was by
San Francisco, the City of
Saint Francis, patron saint of
ecology. Earth Day was first observed in San Francisco and other cities on March 21, 1970, the first day of Spring. This day of nature's equipoise was later sanctioned in a Proclamation signed by Secretary General
U Thant at the
United Nations where it is observed each year. About the same time a separate Earth Day was founded by
United States Senator Gaylord Nelson as an environmental
teach-in first held on April 22, 1970. While this April 22 Earth Day was focused on the United States, an organization launched by
Denis Hayes, who was the original national coordinator in 1970, took it international in 1990 and organized events in 141 nations.
Earth Day is now coordinated globally by the
Earth Day Network,
and is celebrated in more than 175 countries every year.
Numerous communities celebrate Earth Week, an entire week of activities focused on environmental issues. In 2009, the
United Nations designated April 22
International Mother Earth Day.