Human rights are commonly understood as "inalienable fundamental
rights to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being."
Human rights are thus conceived as
universal and
egalitarian. These rights may exist as
natural rights or as
legal rights, in both
national and
international law.
The doctrine of human rights in international practice, within international law, global and regional institutions, in the policies of
states and in the activities of non-governmental organizations, has been a cornerstone of
public policy around the world. In The idea of human rights
it says: "if the public discourse of peacetime global society can be said to have a common moral language, it is that of human rights." Despite this, the strong claims made by the doctrine of human rights continue to provoke considerable skepticism and debates about the content, nature and justifications of human rights to this day. Indeed, the question of what is meant by a "right" is itself controversial and the subject of continued philosophical debate.