A
fingerprint in its narrow sense is an impression left by the friction ridges of a human
finger.
In a wider use of the term, fingerprints are the traces of an impression from the friction ridges of any part of a human or other
primate hand. A print from the
foot can also leave an impression of friction ridges. A friction ridge is a raised portion of the
epidermis on the digits, the palm of the hand or the
sole of the foot, consisting of one or more connected ridge units of friction ridge skin.
These are sometimes known as "epidermal ridges" which are caused by the underlying interface between the dermal
papillae of the dermis and the interpapillary pegs of the epidermis. These epidermal ridges serve to amplify
vibrations triggered, for example, when fingertips brush across an uneven surface, better transmitting the signals to
sensory nerves involved in fine texture perception.
These ridges also assist in gripping rough surfaces, as well as smooth wet surfaces.